Although lithium ion batteries have become the mainstream of energy storage, the basic science of molecular and atomic charging and discharging is still a mystery. According to the research of Argonne National Laboratory of the US Department of Energy in NatureCatalyst, the research team has made a breakthrough in obtaining the chemical composition of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) between the electrode and the liquid electrolyte. Dusan Strmcnik, chemical engineer of Materials Science Department (MSD) of