What technology does lithium battery recycling have? -Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment
There are two typical follow-up paths for lithium-ion battery recycling, cascade utilization or direct material recycling.
1. Cascade utilization and raw material recovery
For retired power lithium-ion batteries, those who take the road of tiered utilization are to recycle materials after the tiered utilization; for direct material recycling, the batches are too small, there is no history to check, and the safety monitoring is unqualified, etc.
The pursuit of economic benefits is the driving force behind corporate and social behavior. It is reasonable to say that the value of the battery can be maximized by the use of cascade utilization, until the available value of the lithium-ion battery is reduced to less than the maintenance cost, and then the recycling of raw materials is carried out. But the actual situation is that the traceability of early power lithium batteries is poor, and the quality and model are uneven. In the early stage, the risk of cascade utilization of batteries is high, and the cost of eliminating risks is high. Therefore, it can be said that in the early stage of power lithium battery recycling, the most likely destination of batteries is the recovery of raw materials.(Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment)
2. Method for extracting valuable metals from cathode materials
The current power lithium-ion battery recycling does not actually achieve the comprehensive recycling and reuse of various materials on the entire battery. The main types of cathode materials include: lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, ternary lithium, lithium iron phosphate, etc.
The cost of the positive electrode material of the battery accounts for more than 1/3 of the cost of the single battery, and because the negative electrode currently uses more carbon materials such as graphite, lithium titanate Li4Ti5O12 and silicon carbon negative electrode Si/C are less used, so the current battery recycling technology is mainly aimed at It is the recycling of battery cathode material.
There are three main types of recycling methods for used lithium-ion batteries: physical method, chemical method and biological method. Compared with other methods, hydrometallurgy is considered as an ideal recovery method due to its advantages of low energy consumption, high recovery efficiency and high product purity.
3. Hydrometallurgy
Hydrometallurgy is a method of selectively dissolving cathode materials in spent lithium-ion batteries with suitable chemical reagents and separating metal elements in leachate. The hydrometallurgical process is more suitable for recycling waste lithium-ion batteries with a relatively single chemical composition. It can be used alone or in combination with high-temperature metallurgy. It does not require high equipment and has low processing costs. It is a very mature processing method, suitable for Recycling of small and medium-scale spent lithium-ion batteries.
4. Pyrometallurgy
Pyrometallurgy, also known as incineration or dry metallurgy, is to remove organic binders in electrode materials through high temperature incineration, and at the same time make the metals and their compounds undergo redox reactions, and recover low-boiling metals and compounds in the form of condensation. Its compounds are recovered from the metals in the slag by screening, pyrolysis, magnetic separation or chemical methods.
1. Cascade utilization and raw material recovery
For retired power lithium-ion batteries, those who take the road of tiered utilization are to recycle materials after the tiered utilization; for direct material recycling, the batches are too small, there is no history to check, and the safety monitoring is unqualified, etc.
The pursuit of economic benefits is the driving force behind corporate and social behavior. It is reasonable to say that the value of the battery can be maximized by the use of cascade utilization, until the available value of the lithium-ion battery is reduced to less than the maintenance cost, and then the recycling of raw materials is carried out. But the actual situation is that the traceability of early power lithium batteries is poor, and the quality and model are uneven. In the early stage, the risk of cascade utilization of batteries is high, and the cost of eliminating risks is high. Therefore, it can be said that in the early stage of power lithium battery recycling, the most likely destination of batteries is the recovery of raw materials.(Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment)
2. Method for extracting valuable metals from cathode materials
The current power lithium-ion battery recycling does not actually achieve the comprehensive recycling and reuse of various materials on the entire battery. The main types of cathode materials include: lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, ternary lithium, lithium iron phosphate, etc.
The cost of the positive electrode material of the battery accounts for more than 1/3 of the cost of the single battery, and because the negative electrode currently uses more carbon materials such as graphite, lithium titanate Li4Ti5O12 and silicon carbon negative electrode Si/C are less used, so the current battery recycling technology is mainly aimed at It is the recycling of battery cathode material.
There are three main types of recycling methods for used lithium-ion batteries: physical method, chemical method and biological method. Compared with other methods, hydrometallurgy is considered as an ideal recovery method due to its advantages of low energy consumption, high recovery efficiency and high product purity.
3. Hydrometallurgy
Hydrometallurgy is a method of selectively dissolving cathode materials in spent lithium-ion batteries with suitable chemical reagents and separating metal elements in leachate. The hydrometallurgical process is more suitable for recycling waste lithium-ion batteries with a relatively single chemical composition. It can be used alone or in combination with high-temperature metallurgy. It does not require high equipment and has low processing costs. It is a very mature processing method, suitable for Recycling of small and medium-scale spent lithium-ion batteries.
4. Pyrometallurgy
Pyrometallurgy, also known as incineration or dry metallurgy, is to remove organic binders in electrode materials through high temperature incineration, and at the same time make the metals and their compounds undergo redox reactions, and recover low-boiling metals and compounds in the form of condensation. Its compounds are recovered from the metals in the slag by screening, pyrolysis, magnetic separation or chemical methods.
