What are the differences between high/low -voltage fast charging technology -Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment
In the era of smart phones, we have witnessed the processor from single -core, dual -core to quad -core and eight cores, and now it is not surprised to get out of ten cores. ; The size of the screen is the same, and the 4 -inch and 5 -inch are now more than 6 inches or more.
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
But the only regret is that the technological innovation of mobile phone batteries is still slow, the battery life is not enough to meet the daily use of users, and it is still the biggest pain in the manufacturer. For this shortcoming, the general approach of mobile phone manufacturers was equipped with large -capacity batteries under the premise of the thickness and weight of the mobile phone, but this is very limited after all. However, with the birth of the fast charging technology that has been on the way in the past two years, it seems that the entire industry has seen hope. After some exploration, many mobile phone fast charge solutions came into being.(Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment)
So, how does a mobile phone be charged quickly? How is it realized and safe? What are the types? What technological innovation will there be in future development? Today we will answer these questions one by one.
How to achieve fast charging?
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
Let's take a look at the physical formula that determines the charging efficiency: energy W (can be regarded as a battery capacity) = power p × time t; power p = voltage U × current I, so it can be seen that when the battery capacity is certain, a certain amount of battery capacity The size of the power determines the speed of charging time; the greater the power, the shorter the charging time. According to the formula power p = voltage U × current I, it can be easily drawn. To increase charging speed and reduce charging time, you can achieve it in the next three ways:
1. Increase the current when the voltage is unchanged;
2. Increase the voltage when the current is unchanged;
3. Increasing voltage and current can also achieve fast charging.
For the relationship between power and current and voltage, we can make a simple analogy. This is like you injection water in a bathtub. Increasing voltage and current is like increasing the amount of water out of the unit time and the speed of water flow. When one of the parameters or two parameters is improved, the water filling efficiency naturally improves, and the bathtub will be fully full. The speed of full water (full power) will also increase significantly. At present, many manufacturers' fast charge solutions rely on voltage increase (or at the same time to increase output voltage current) to achieve.
Mainstream fast charge technology classification:
The above three solutions are technical prerequisites, but after several manufacturers' technical evolution, we can divide the flash charging into two major categories: high -pressure fast charging and low -voltage fast charging. Among them, domestic OPPO mobile phones use low -voltage fast charging (high current); chip merchant Qualcomm QUICKCHARGE and MediaTek Pumpexpress use a high -voltage fast charging solution; there is also a PD charging specification. But it is also a high -voltage fast charge. Its maximum current is limited to 5A.
Low -voltage fast charge representative: OPPOVOOC flash charge
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
The VOOC flash charging technology launched in the first half of 2014 was equipped with Find7 mobile phones at the time. At that time, there were reports that VOOC flash charging became the biggest factor for Find7 to be paid by users.
OPPO's VOOC flash charging uses low -voltage and high current methods to quickly charge smartphones. Under the premise of maintaining the inherent 5V charging voltage of the USB charging, the charging current is increased. The biggest benefit of this charging method is that it not only improves the charging speed of the Android phone (increased by 4 times compared to the traditional charging speed. The official claims to be charging for 30 minutes, which can reach 75%of 3000mAh), and the VOOC flash charging is also It can reduce the heat of the adapter and the mobile phone when charging the phone, and then the flash charging performance and mobile phone security are the most direct guarantee.
High -pressure fast charge scheme:
1. Qualcomm QUICKCHARGE3.0
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
Qualcomm is a provider of fast charge technology solutions. At present, in the fast charge technology of smartphones, Qualcomm's QuickCharge 3.0 solution is adopted by mobile phone manufacturers, and its applications are relatively wide. Now Qualcomm QuickCharge has been upgraded to version 3.0, which is more efficient than the previous 2.0 version. According to Qualcomm, QUICKCHARGE 3.0 adopts the "best voltage intelligent consultation" algorithm for the first time, which has improved the conversion efficiency.
QuickCharge2.0 only provides four -gear charging voltage, which only provides 5V, 9V, 12V, and 20V. The upgraded QuickCharge3.0 is united in 200mV, which can provide 3.6V ~ 20V voltage for flexible choices. At the same time, QUICKHARGE3.0 can also be compatible with previous versions of chargers for more OEM manufacturers to choose. This is also one of the reasons why Qualcomm QuickCharge is widely used in smartphones.
It is reflected in all times and efficiency, the Qualcomm is called QuickCharge3.0 that can charging a typical mobile phone from zero power to 80%in about 35 minutes, while ordinary mobile terminal usually costs about an hour and a half.
2. MediaTek pumpexpress
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
MediaTek also proposed its own fast charge solution ---- Pumpexpress, which built in PMIC's power management integrated circuit. Its characteristics allow the charger to determine the initial voltage required for the charging according to the current, and the PMIC sends pulse current instructions to the charger through the USB VBUS. Current.
At present, there are two technical specifications. The output power is less than 10W in Pumpexpress, and the output power is more than 15W divided into PumpexpressPlus. The above -mentioned MediaTek's fast charging method has already included power chip factories such as Tongjia and Dialog to cooperate with the development of exclusive power management ICs. This solution is common in the market and low -level smartphone products markets in China and emerging countries.
3. USB3.1PD
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
In the near future, the USBTYPE-C, which is relatively hot in the mobile phone circle, in addition to changes in the data interface and transmission rate, in fact, it also improves its own power supply capacity (USBPD). Type-C can currently support connecting 20V/5A. Power supply. With the listing of mobile phones equipped with USBTYPE-C (USB3.1) in the future, the market prospects are also very broad.
What are the differences between high/low -voltage fast charging technology?
Since the effect of quickly charging mobile phones can be achieved, what is the main difference between high -voltage and low voltage methods? Before explaining the differences between these two technologies, let's first understand what kind of process of traditional 5V/1A slow charging.
Our country uses a civilian 220V voltage. When the traditional charging is performed, the input terminal is converted into a 5V/1A charging current output after the charger is charged. In the process, there is a lower -voltage conversion. All energy cannot be transformed by 100%, and the energy of the loss of the loss will become heat. Specifically, when we use the charger for charging, we can feel that the charger has different degrees of fever.
The 5V/1A current suitable for charging will be converted to 4.2V or 4.4V for the battery to charge the battery through the intra -mobile phone. In this process, there is a lower -voltage conversion, and there will be a phenomenon of mobile phone fever when charging.
Then we look back at the difference between high, low pressure and fast charging.
The conversion of high voltage fast charging (including QuickCharge, Pumpexpress, USB3.1PD) is from 220V to 20V/12V/9V to 4.2V/4.4V, which means that this scheme will allow the charging end Mobile phone lower voltage circuit. Then the mobile phone antihypertension circuit will bear greater pressure for the antihypertensive conversion. Of course, this conversion process loss is more loss, which is more obvious directly manifested as the body's body fever when the mobile phone charges.
OPPO's VOOC flash charging low pressure fast charge is from 220V to 4.2/4.4V. All the antihypertensive links during the mobile phone charging process are completed in the charger equipped with the smart MCU chip. It can directly convert the 220V current into 4.2/4.4V current that can be charged directly for lithium batteries. That is, the lower -voltage voltage circuit is not called during charging, so the temperature rise control is well controlled during charging, and it will not be obviously heated.
Therefore, good temperature -up control will bring a obvious advantage, that is, the experience of the entire fast charge, which can also be said to be a flash charging performance, which is very superior. Here we can give a scene as an example: For example, if we use low -voltage flash charging to charge for mobile phones, we can flash the game while playing games. No matter how much the game is playing, it will not affect the work of flash charging. And replace the high -voltage fast charging, which may produce two heating sources: a lower -voltage circuit work is hot, and the CPU of a mobile phone work is heated. In this way, the fast charge can only persist for a while. In order to keep the temperature within the safe range, the mobile phone fast charge can only be reduced to ordinary charging.
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
OPPO7PIN interface charging cable
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
Ordinary interface charging cable
Of course, each solution has its own advantages and disadvantages. For low -voltage charging, OPPO currently has a large patent. The technology is limited to OPPO's own products, which naturally have compatible restrictions for consumers. The specific performance is that OPPO mobile phones have their own customized chargers, 8 electric battery, and 7Pin interface charging cables. If you change the ordinary battery, or change the Android data cable of other mobile phones, then the flash charging will not work. Essence
How to develop high/low -voltage fast charging in the future?
Since it is a fast charge, the future development direction is naturally faster than faster. The biggest development bottleneck of the low -voltage fast charge scheme in the future is on the battery. The output power of the charger can be very large, but how to make the battery be able to withstand such a large current input is OPPO to consider. At the MWC Barcelona exhibition earlier this year, OPPO Xiaoxiu has a new super flash charging using a low -voltage pulse algorithm. Within 15 minutes, it is full of mobile phones of 2500mAh battery. This can be said to be a new breakthrough in fast charge technology.
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
In addition to solving the battery problem, the high -voltage fast charge scheme also needs to solve the heating problem caused by fast charging in the future. Assuming that under a high -voltage fast charging scheme, the output power of the charger is increased to 70W, and the conversion loss at the lower -voltage voltage circuit is calculated at 10%of the loss, and the heating will reach 7W. And this is a very exaggerated number, which is difficult to solve.
summary:
There is no doubt that fast charging is the best way to effectively solve the problem of endurance of smartphones at present, and it is also the main battlefield for mobile phone manufacturers and solution providers in the next few years. If more and more users start choosing smartphones with fast charging function, then what we want to choose is the fast charging mobile phone with faster charging, more stable performance, and better compatibility. This is also the development direction of the entire industry.
How to judge that your mobile phone branch does not support fast charging?
Finally, we will teach you a few ways to judge whether your mobile phone supports fast charging functions. Here OPPO mobile phones don't explain more.
1. Look at the sign on the charger
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
"Communication standard YD/T1591" Mobile Communication Handicraft Charger and Interface Technical Requirements and Test Methods "clearly stipulates that the DC input voltage of the handheld charging interface is 5V ± 5%, and the maximum absorption current is 1800mA. Therefore One condition can be considered a fast charge. "
2. Call the mobile phone charging time through actual record. According to my own experience, if you start charging at 0 to 10%of the power, the mobile phone power can be basically recovered to about 60%after about half an hour, you can basically judge that your smartphone is a fast charge ability ability to have fast charging capabilities. Essence
3. In addition, you can also go to the corresponding mobile phone's official website inquiry and consult customer service. Of course, offline sales staff is also possible.
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
But the only regret is that the technological innovation of mobile phone batteries is still slow, the battery life is not enough to meet the daily use of users, and it is still the biggest pain in the manufacturer. For this shortcoming, the general approach of mobile phone manufacturers was equipped with large -capacity batteries under the premise of the thickness and weight of the mobile phone, but this is very limited after all. However, with the birth of the fast charging technology that has been on the way in the past two years, it seems that the entire industry has seen hope. After some exploration, many mobile phone fast charge solutions came into being.(Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment)
So, how does a mobile phone be charged quickly? How is it realized and safe? What are the types? What technological innovation will there be in future development? Today we will answer these questions one by one.
How to achieve fast charging?
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
Let's take a look at the physical formula that determines the charging efficiency: energy W (can be regarded as a battery capacity) = power p × time t; power p = voltage U × current I, so it can be seen that when the battery capacity is certain, a certain amount of battery capacity The size of the power determines the speed of charging time; the greater the power, the shorter the charging time. According to the formula power p = voltage U × current I, it can be easily drawn. To increase charging speed and reduce charging time, you can achieve it in the next three ways:
1. Increase the current when the voltage is unchanged;
2. Increase the voltage when the current is unchanged;
3. Increasing voltage and current can also achieve fast charging.
For the relationship between power and current and voltage, we can make a simple analogy. This is like you injection water in a bathtub. Increasing voltage and current is like increasing the amount of water out of the unit time and the speed of water flow. When one of the parameters or two parameters is improved, the water filling efficiency naturally improves, and the bathtub will be fully full. The speed of full water (full power) will also increase significantly. At present, many manufacturers' fast charge solutions rely on voltage increase (or at the same time to increase output voltage current) to achieve.
Mainstream fast charge technology classification:
The above three solutions are technical prerequisites, but after several manufacturers' technical evolution, we can divide the flash charging into two major categories: high -pressure fast charging and low -voltage fast charging. Among them, domestic OPPO mobile phones use low -voltage fast charging (high current); chip merchant Qualcomm QUICKCHARGE and MediaTek Pumpexpress use a high -voltage fast charging solution; there is also a PD charging specification. But it is also a high -voltage fast charge. Its maximum current is limited to 5A.
Low -voltage fast charge representative: OPPOVOOC flash charge
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
The VOOC flash charging technology launched in the first half of 2014 was equipped with Find7 mobile phones at the time. At that time, there were reports that VOOC flash charging became the biggest factor for Find7 to be paid by users.
OPPO's VOOC flash charging uses low -voltage and high current methods to quickly charge smartphones. Under the premise of maintaining the inherent 5V charging voltage of the USB charging, the charging current is increased. The biggest benefit of this charging method is that it not only improves the charging speed of the Android phone (increased by 4 times compared to the traditional charging speed. The official claims to be charging for 30 minutes, which can reach 75%of 3000mAh), and the VOOC flash charging is also It can reduce the heat of the adapter and the mobile phone when charging the phone, and then the flash charging performance and mobile phone security are the most direct guarantee.
High -pressure fast charge scheme:
1. Qualcomm QUICKCHARGE3.0
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
Qualcomm is a provider of fast charge technology solutions. At present, in the fast charge technology of smartphones, Qualcomm's QuickCharge 3.0 solution is adopted by mobile phone manufacturers, and its applications are relatively wide. Now Qualcomm QuickCharge has been upgraded to version 3.0, which is more efficient than the previous 2.0 version. According to Qualcomm, QUICKCHARGE 3.0 adopts the "best voltage intelligent consultation" algorithm for the first time, which has improved the conversion efficiency.
QuickCharge2.0 only provides four -gear charging voltage, which only provides 5V, 9V, 12V, and 20V. The upgraded QuickCharge3.0 is united in 200mV, which can provide 3.6V ~ 20V voltage for flexible choices. At the same time, QUICKHARGE3.0 can also be compatible with previous versions of chargers for more OEM manufacturers to choose. This is also one of the reasons why Qualcomm QuickCharge is widely used in smartphones.
It is reflected in all times and efficiency, the Qualcomm is called QuickCharge3.0 that can charging a typical mobile phone from zero power to 80%in about 35 minutes, while ordinary mobile terminal usually costs about an hour and a half.
2. MediaTek pumpexpress
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
MediaTek also proposed its own fast charge solution ---- Pumpexpress, which built in PMIC's power management integrated circuit. Its characteristics allow the charger to determine the initial voltage required for the charging according to the current, and the PMIC sends pulse current instructions to the charger through the USB VBUS. Current.
At present, there are two technical specifications. The output power is less than 10W in Pumpexpress, and the output power is more than 15W divided into PumpexpressPlus. The above -mentioned MediaTek's fast charging method has already included power chip factories such as Tongjia and Dialog to cooperate with the development of exclusive power management ICs. This solution is common in the market and low -level smartphone products markets in China and emerging countries.
3. USB3.1PD
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
In the near future, the USBTYPE-C, which is relatively hot in the mobile phone circle, in addition to changes in the data interface and transmission rate, in fact, it also improves its own power supply capacity (USBPD). Type-C can currently support connecting 20V/5A. Power supply. With the listing of mobile phones equipped with USBTYPE-C (USB3.1) in the future, the market prospects are also very broad.
What are the differences between high/low -voltage fast charging technology?
Since the effect of quickly charging mobile phones can be achieved, what is the main difference between high -voltage and low voltage methods? Before explaining the differences between these two technologies, let's first understand what kind of process of traditional 5V/1A slow charging.
Our country uses a civilian 220V voltage. When the traditional charging is performed, the input terminal is converted into a 5V/1A charging current output after the charger is charged. In the process, there is a lower -voltage conversion. All energy cannot be transformed by 100%, and the energy of the loss of the loss will become heat. Specifically, when we use the charger for charging, we can feel that the charger has different degrees of fever.
The 5V/1A current suitable for charging will be converted to 4.2V or 4.4V for the battery to charge the battery through the intra -mobile phone. In this process, there is a lower -voltage conversion, and there will be a phenomenon of mobile phone fever when charging.
Then we look back at the difference between high, low pressure and fast charging.
The conversion of high voltage fast charging (including QuickCharge, Pumpexpress, USB3.1PD) is from 220V to 20V/12V/9V to 4.2V/4.4V, which means that this scheme will allow the charging end Mobile phone lower voltage circuit. Then the mobile phone antihypertension circuit will bear greater pressure for the antihypertensive conversion. Of course, this conversion process loss is more loss, which is more obvious directly manifested as the body's body fever when the mobile phone charges.
OPPO's VOOC flash charging low pressure fast charge is from 220V to 4.2/4.4V. All the antihypertensive links during the mobile phone charging process are completed in the charger equipped with the smart MCU chip. It can directly convert the 220V current into 4.2/4.4V current that can be charged directly for lithium batteries. That is, the lower -voltage voltage circuit is not called during charging, so the temperature rise control is well controlled during charging, and it will not be obviously heated.
Therefore, good temperature -up control will bring a obvious advantage, that is, the experience of the entire fast charge, which can also be said to be a flash charging performance, which is very superior. Here we can give a scene as an example: For example, if we use low -voltage flash charging to charge for mobile phones, we can flash the game while playing games. No matter how much the game is playing, it will not affect the work of flash charging. And replace the high -voltage fast charging, which may produce two heating sources: a lower -voltage circuit work is hot, and the CPU of a mobile phone work is heated. In this way, the fast charge can only persist for a while. In order to keep the temperature within the safe range, the mobile phone fast charge can only be reduced to ordinary charging.
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
OPPO7PIN interface charging cable
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
Ordinary interface charging cable
Of course, each solution has its own advantages and disadvantages. For low -voltage charging, OPPO currently has a large patent. The technology is limited to OPPO's own products, which naturally have compatible restrictions for consumers. The specific performance is that OPPO mobile phones have their own customized chargers, 8 electric battery, and 7Pin interface charging cables. If you change the ordinary battery, or change the Android data cable of other mobile phones, then the flash charging will not work. Essence
How to develop high/low -voltage fast charging in the future?
Since it is a fast charge, the future development direction is naturally faster than faster. The biggest development bottleneck of the low -voltage fast charge scheme in the future is on the battery. The output power of the charger can be very large, but how to make the battery be able to withstand such a large current input is OPPO to consider. At the MWC Barcelona exhibition earlier this year, OPPO Xiaoxiu has a new super flash charging using a low -voltage pulse algorithm. Within 15 minutes, it is full of mobile phones of 2500mAh battery. This can be said to be a new breakthrough in fast charge technology.
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
In addition to solving the battery problem, the high -voltage fast charge scheme also needs to solve the heating problem caused by fast charging in the future. Assuming that under a high -voltage fast charging scheme, the output power of the charger is increased to 70W, and the conversion loss at the lower -voltage voltage circuit is calculated at 10%of the loss, and the heating will reach 7W. And this is a very exaggerated number, which is difficult to solve.
summary:
There is no doubt that fast charging is the best way to effectively solve the problem of endurance of smartphones at present, and it is also the main battlefield for mobile phone manufacturers and solution providers in the next few years. If more and more users start choosing smartphones with fast charging function, then what we want to choose is the fast charging mobile phone with faster charging, more stable performance, and better compatibility. This is also the development direction of the entire industry.
How to judge that your mobile phone branch does not support fast charging?
Finally, we will teach you a few ways to judge whether your mobile phone supports fast charging functions. Here OPPO mobile phones don't explain more.
1. Look at the sign on the charger
What is fast charge technology? How to achieve fast charging?
"Communication standard YD/T1591" Mobile Communication Handicraft Charger and Interface Technical Requirements and Test Methods "clearly stipulates that the DC input voltage of the handheld charging interface is 5V ± 5%, and the maximum absorption current is 1800mA. Therefore One condition can be considered a fast charge. "
2. Call the mobile phone charging time through actual record. According to my own experience, if you start charging at 0 to 10%of the power, the mobile phone power can be basically recovered to about 60%after about half an hour, you can basically judge that your smartphone is a fast charge ability ability to have fast charging capabilities. Essence
3. In addition, you can also go to the corresponding mobile phone's official website inquiry and consult customer service. Of course, offline sales staff is also possible.
