The core of electric vehicle technology advancement -Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment
Throughout the current new energy vehicle market, there are many types, but the key core component is the energy storage equipment of the vehicle. The battery energy storage capacity is the biggest bottleneck in current research: on the positive electrode, the energy storage capacity of sulfur is larger; on the negative electrode, the energy storage capacity of silicon and metal lithium is larger, this problem needs to be determined by the selection of electrode materials. to solve. Therefore, it is necessary to try to use these potential materials to build the next generation of energy storage systems for electric vehicles. In this regard, Professor Jin Zhong, Professor of the Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, introduced the research status and future development directions of new energy storage materials and devices for electric vehicles.(Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment)
Jin Zhong said: The country has already made good plans and clear indicators for the research on new energy vehicle power technology, but it cannot be achieved by relying on existing lithium battery technology. Lithium-ion batteries are limited in performance due to their working principle and cannot achieve revolutionary breakthroughs. Therefore, if we want to really push the electric vehicle technology a step further, we must abandon the lithium battery and develop new battery technology instead. The energy density of the battery and the speed of the charging pile are two key indicators that we need to promote. In addition to this, we also need to consider indicators such as safety, temperature, technology maturity, and cost.
In this regard, Professor Jin Zhong further introduced six options for next-generation energy storage devices.
The first option is silicon carbon anode material. It has the highest capacity, but the volume expansion and flatulence problems during the charging and discharging process are serious, and our research institute is still in the critical stage.
The second option is supercapacitors. Its charging and discharging speed is very fast, it can be fully charged in a few seconds, and it has long cycle life, good temperature resistance, high safety, maintenance-free, and low cost. It is a very promising new energy storage device.
The third option is a lithium-sulfur battery. Its positive electrode uses sulfur to store energy, and its negative electrode uses metal lithium to store energy, so as to achieve a super-capacity storage state. Due to the extremely low price of sulfur and the abundance of reserves, this energy storage technology holds great promise. But at the same time, there are still problems such as charging and discharging speed, cycle life, safety, and temperature resistance that need to be solved.
The fourth option is a newer generation of all-solid-state batteries, which have very high safety and capacity density and long cycle life, but still need to solve the problem of slower charge and discharge rates.
The fifth option is a newer generation of concept technology: using some non-lithium active metals to replace scarce and expensive lithium, such as sodium batteries, magnesium batteries, aluminum batteries, etc. These battery technologies are still in the laboratory stage, but the future is very bright.
The last option is a metal lithium-air battery. The negative electrode of the battery is made of metal lithium material, and then it is used with air as the positive electrode to improve the energy density. It is still in the laboratory research and development stage, far from reaching the level of commercial use.
Overall, the electric vehicle energy storage battery and technical route can be divided into three steps: to improve the existing lithium-ion battery in the near future, use supercapacitors to replace lead-acid batteries for some small and short-distance logistics vehicles; in the medium term, lithium-sulfur batteries must be developed , all-solid-state batteries, these new battery systems; the long-term goal is to focus on sodium, magnesium, aluminum, these non-lithium batteries, and metal lithium-air batteries as the ultimate research goal of electrochemical energy storage.
Jin Zhong said: The country has already made good plans and clear indicators for the research on new energy vehicle power technology, but it cannot be achieved by relying on existing lithium battery technology. Lithium-ion batteries are limited in performance due to their working principle and cannot achieve revolutionary breakthroughs. Therefore, if we want to really push the electric vehicle technology a step further, we must abandon the lithium battery and develop new battery technology instead. The energy density of the battery and the speed of the charging pile are two key indicators that we need to promote. In addition to this, we also need to consider indicators such as safety, temperature, technology maturity, and cost.
In this regard, Professor Jin Zhong further introduced six options for next-generation energy storage devices.
The first option is silicon carbon anode material. It has the highest capacity, but the volume expansion and flatulence problems during the charging and discharging process are serious, and our research institute is still in the critical stage.
The second option is supercapacitors. Its charging and discharging speed is very fast, it can be fully charged in a few seconds, and it has long cycle life, good temperature resistance, high safety, maintenance-free, and low cost. It is a very promising new energy storage device.
The third option is a lithium-sulfur battery. Its positive electrode uses sulfur to store energy, and its negative electrode uses metal lithium to store energy, so as to achieve a super-capacity storage state. Due to the extremely low price of sulfur and the abundance of reserves, this energy storage technology holds great promise. But at the same time, there are still problems such as charging and discharging speed, cycle life, safety, and temperature resistance that need to be solved.
The fourth option is a newer generation of all-solid-state batteries, which have very high safety and capacity density and long cycle life, but still need to solve the problem of slower charge and discharge rates.
The fifth option is a newer generation of concept technology: using some non-lithium active metals to replace scarce and expensive lithium, such as sodium batteries, magnesium batteries, aluminum batteries, etc. These battery technologies are still in the laboratory stage, but the future is very bright.
The last option is a metal lithium-air battery. The negative electrode of the battery is made of metal lithium material, and then it is used with air as the positive electrode to improve the energy density. It is still in the laboratory research and development stage, far from reaching the level of commercial use.
Overall, the electric vehicle energy storage battery and technical route can be divided into three steps: to improve the existing lithium-ion battery in the near future, use supercapacitors to replace lead-acid batteries for some small and short-distance logistics vehicles; in the medium term, lithium-sulfur batteries must be developed , all-solid-state batteries, these new battery systems; the long-term goal is to focus on sodium, magnesium, aluminum, these non-lithium batteries, and metal lithium-air batteries as the ultimate research goal of electrochemical energy storage.
