Briefly describe the technical principles of gel batteries -Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment
Gel battery is also a type of lead-acid battery. It is an improvement on ordinary lead-acid batteries with liquid electrolytes. Colloidal electrolyte is used instead of sulfuric acid electrolyte, thereby improving safety, power storage, discharge performance and service life. At present, gel batteries are widely used in power generation, communications, automobiles, emergency lighting and other fields. Why is it so popular? Let’s analyze the technical principles of gel batteries and unveil their popularity.
Recap history
Since the advent of lead-acid batteries, they have been widely used by humans in various fields. After ordinary lead-acid batteries are used for a period of time, the moisture content of the electrolyte decreases, causing the concentration of sulfuric acid to change. Adding water later for maintenance is cumbersome. On the other hand, acid mist precipitates during the charging process, causing certain harm to the environment and equipment. In order to lock the electrolyte firmly Then, lead-acid batteries with colloidal electrolyte came into being.
At first, the colloidal lead-acid battery used water glass to make the electrolyte, which was added directly to the dry lead-acid battery. This effectively "fixed" the electrolyte and reduced the precipitation of acid mist, but the battery capacity was about 20% lower, so there was no development. stand up. It was not until the 1980s that my country gradually introduced gel batteries from the German Sunshine Company that gel batteries received widespread attention.
Gel battery definition
Generally speaking, lead-acid batteries whose electrolyte is in a colloidal state are often called gel batteries. The simplest method is to add a gelling agent to sulfuric acid to turn the sulfuric acid electrolyte into a colloidal state.
The difference between gel batteries and ordinary lead-acid batteries extends from the initial understanding of electrolyte gelation to the electrochemical properties of the electrolyte basic structure, as well as its application and promotion in grids and active materials. For example, non-solidified aqueous colloids are all colloidal batteries in terms of electrochemical classification structure and characteristics. polymer materials attached to the grid, commonly known as ceramic grids, can also be regarded as the application characteristics of colloidal batteries.
Working principle of gel battery
The basic working principle of a gel battery is the same as that of an ordinary lead-acid battery, but the silica gel in the battery is a three-dimensional porous network structure composed of SiQ particles as a skeleton. It encloses the electrolyte inside. When the electrolyte is poured into the silica sol After turning into a gel, the skeleton further shrinks, causing cracks in the gel to penetrate between the positive and negative plates, providing a channel for oxygen precipitated from the positive electrode to reach the negative electrode. It is not difficult to see that the sealing working principles of colloidal batteries and AGM batteries are the same. (Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment)
Gel battery characteristics
Ⅰ.High quality and long life
The colloidal electrolyte can form a solid protective layer around the plates to prevent the plates from being damaged due to vibration or collision, prevent the plates from being corroded, and also reduce plate bending and short circuits between the plates when the battery is used under heavy loads. The service life is twice that of ordinary lead-acid batteries.
Ⅱ.Safety and environmental protection
The electrolyte of the colloidal battery is solid, and the seal is not easy to leak; during use, there is no acid mist precipitation, no electrolyte leakage, and no pollution to the environment. Gel batteries have strong power storage capacity. Common solar street lights usually use gel batteries to store power.
Ⅲ. Strong deep discharge cycleability
After deep discharge, the gel battery's capacity can be recharged to 100% when recharged in time, which can meet the needs of high frequency and deep discharge.
Ⅳ. Strong temperature adaptability
Since the sulfuric acid electrolyte exists in the colloid, although its internal resistance is slightly larger, the internal resistance of the colloidal electrolyte does not change much at low temperatures, so it has good low-temperature starting performance and can be used in the temperature range of -40°C to -65°C.
Ⅴ. Less self-discharge and longer storage time
The colloidal electrolyte can hinder the diffusion of water generated during cathode reduction and inhibit the spontaneous reduction reaction of PbO, resulting in less self-discharge; it has good resistance to plate sulfation and reduces grid corrosion. It can be stored at room temperature of 20°C for 2 years without charging. put into service.
Recap history
Since the advent of lead-acid batteries, they have been widely used by humans in various fields. After ordinary lead-acid batteries are used for a period of time, the moisture content of the electrolyte decreases, causing the concentration of sulfuric acid to change. Adding water later for maintenance is cumbersome. On the other hand, acid mist precipitates during the charging process, causing certain harm to the environment and equipment. In order to lock the electrolyte firmly Then, lead-acid batteries with colloidal electrolyte came into being.
At first, the colloidal lead-acid battery used water glass to make the electrolyte, which was added directly to the dry lead-acid battery. This effectively "fixed" the electrolyte and reduced the precipitation of acid mist, but the battery capacity was about 20% lower, so there was no development. stand up. It was not until the 1980s that my country gradually introduced gel batteries from the German Sunshine Company that gel batteries received widespread attention.
Gel battery definition
Generally speaking, lead-acid batteries whose electrolyte is in a colloidal state are often called gel batteries. The simplest method is to add a gelling agent to sulfuric acid to turn the sulfuric acid electrolyte into a colloidal state.
The difference between gel batteries and ordinary lead-acid batteries extends from the initial understanding of electrolyte gelation to the electrochemical properties of the electrolyte basic structure, as well as its application and promotion in grids and active materials. For example, non-solidified aqueous colloids are all colloidal batteries in terms of electrochemical classification structure and characteristics. polymer materials attached to the grid, commonly known as ceramic grids, can also be regarded as the application characteristics of colloidal batteries.
Working principle of gel battery
The basic working principle of a gel battery is the same as that of an ordinary lead-acid battery, but the silica gel in the battery is a three-dimensional porous network structure composed of SiQ particles as a skeleton. It encloses the electrolyte inside. When the electrolyte is poured into the silica sol After turning into a gel, the skeleton further shrinks, causing cracks in the gel to penetrate between the positive and negative plates, providing a channel for oxygen precipitated from the positive electrode to reach the negative electrode. It is not difficult to see that the sealing working principles of colloidal batteries and AGM batteries are the same. (Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment)
Gel battery characteristics
Ⅰ.High quality and long life
The colloidal electrolyte can form a solid protective layer around the plates to prevent the plates from being damaged due to vibration or collision, prevent the plates from being corroded, and also reduce plate bending and short circuits between the plates when the battery is used under heavy loads. The service life is twice that of ordinary lead-acid batteries.
Ⅱ.Safety and environmental protection
The electrolyte of the colloidal battery is solid, and the seal is not easy to leak; during use, there is no acid mist precipitation, no electrolyte leakage, and no pollution to the environment. Gel batteries have strong power storage capacity. Common solar street lights usually use gel batteries to store power.
Ⅲ. Strong deep discharge cycleability
After deep discharge, the gel battery's capacity can be recharged to 100% when recharged in time, which can meet the needs of high frequency and deep discharge.
Ⅳ. Strong temperature adaptability
Since the sulfuric acid electrolyte exists in the colloid, although its internal resistance is slightly larger, the internal resistance of the colloidal electrolyte does not change much at low temperatures, so it has good low-temperature starting performance and can be used in the temperature range of -40°C to -65°C.
Ⅴ. Less self-discharge and longer storage time
The colloidal electrolyte can hinder the diffusion of water generated during cathode reduction and inhibit the spontaneous reduction reaction of PbO, resulting in less self-discharge; it has good resistance to plate sulfation and reduces grid corrosion. It can be stored at room temperature of 20°C for 2 years without charging. put into service.
