Advantages and Materials Research of All-Solid-State Secondary Batteries -Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment
Lithium-ion battery manufacturers briefly talk about the advantages and material research of all-solid-state secondary lithium-ion batteries. As the most potential electrochemical energy storage device, all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries have received widespread attention in recent years. With the improvement of comprehensive technical indicators such as cyclability and safety, the application market of solid-state secondary lithium-ion batteries will gradually expand, and all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries are expected to become the leading technology route for the next generation of power lithium-ion battery manufacturers.
Advantages of all-solid-state secondary lithium-ion batteries
In recent years, with the rise of electric vehicles and the urgent need for large-scale energy storage devices for renewable energy generation, research on lithium-ion batteries has heated up again, and the development of safe, large-capacity, high-power and long-life secondary lithium-ion batteries has Become the center of attention. As a new form of lithium-ion battery, solid-state secondary lithium-ion battery fundamentally has the advantage of high energy density of lithium-ion battery. In addition, all-solid-state secondary lithium-ion batteries also have the following advantages:
(1) High safety performance
Since the liquid electrolyte contains flammable organic solvents, a sudden rise in temperature when an internal short circuit occurs can easily cause combustion or even explosion. It is necessary to install a safety device structure to resist temperature rise and short circuit. This will increase costs, but it still cannot completely solve the safety problem. question. Tesla, which claims to have the best BMS in the world, has experienced serious fire incidents in two Model S vehicles in China alone this year. Therefore, all-solid-state lithium secondary batteries based on inorganic solid electrolytes are expected to have high safety characteristics.(Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment)
(2) High energy density
Currently, the energy density of lithium-ion battery cells used in the market reaches a maximum of about 260Wh/kg, and the energy density of lithium-ion batteries under development can reach 300-320Wh/kg. For all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries, if metallic lithium is used as the negative electrode, the battery energy density is expected to reach 300-400Wh/kg, or even higher. All-solid-state secondary batteries are expected to achieve higher power density. The solid electrolyte uses lithium ions as a single carrier and does not have concentration polarization, so it can work under high current conditions and increase the power density of the battery.
(3) Long cycle life
The solid electrolyte is expected to prevent the liquid electrolyte from continuously forming and growing the solid electrolyte interface film and the problem of lithium dendrites piercing the separator during the charge and discharge process, and may greatly improve the cycleability and service life of metal lithium-ion batteries.
(4)Wide operating temperature range
If all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries all use inorganic solid electrolytes, the maximum operating temperature is expected to increase to 300°C or even higher. Currently, the low-temperature performance of large-capacity all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries needs to be improved. The operating temperature range of a specific battery is mainly related to the high and low temperature characteristics of the electrolyte and interface resistance.
(5)Wide electrochemical window
All-solid-state secondary lithium-ion batteries have a wide electrochemical stability window, which may reach 5V. They are suitable for high-voltage electrode materials and are conducive to further increasing energy density. Current thin-film lithium-ion batteries based on lithium nitride phosphate can operate at 4.8V.
(6) Has the advantage of flexibility
Solid-state secondary lithium-ion batteries also have the characteristics of compact structure, adjustable scale, and high design flexibility. Solid-state batteries can be designed as thin-film batteries with a thickness of only a few microns, used to drive microelectronic devices, or they can be made into macro-sized batteries, used to drive electric vehicles, grid energy storage and other fields. In these applications, the shape of the battery It can also be designed according to specific needs.
Research on key materials for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries
Polymer solid electrolyte
Polymer solid electrolyte (SPE) is composed of a polymer matrix (such as polyester, polyase, polyamine, etc.) and lithium salt (such as LiClO4, LiAsF4, LiPF6, LiBF4, etc.). Because of its light weight, good viscoelasticity, It has attracted widespread attention due to its excellent machining performance and other characteristics.
Advantages of all-solid-state secondary lithium-ion batteries
In recent years, with the rise of electric vehicles and the urgent need for large-scale energy storage devices for renewable energy generation, research on lithium-ion batteries has heated up again, and the development of safe, large-capacity, high-power and long-life secondary lithium-ion batteries has Become the center of attention. As a new form of lithium-ion battery, solid-state secondary lithium-ion battery fundamentally has the advantage of high energy density of lithium-ion battery. In addition, all-solid-state secondary lithium-ion batteries also have the following advantages:
(1) High safety performance
Since the liquid electrolyte contains flammable organic solvents, a sudden rise in temperature when an internal short circuit occurs can easily cause combustion or even explosion. It is necessary to install a safety device structure to resist temperature rise and short circuit. This will increase costs, but it still cannot completely solve the safety problem. question. Tesla, which claims to have the best BMS in the world, has experienced serious fire incidents in two Model S vehicles in China alone this year. Therefore, all-solid-state lithium secondary batteries based on inorganic solid electrolytes are expected to have high safety characteristics.(Lithium - Ion Battery Equipment)
(2) High energy density
Currently, the energy density of lithium-ion battery cells used in the market reaches a maximum of about 260Wh/kg, and the energy density of lithium-ion batteries under development can reach 300-320Wh/kg. For all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries, if metallic lithium is used as the negative electrode, the battery energy density is expected to reach 300-400Wh/kg, or even higher. All-solid-state secondary batteries are expected to achieve higher power density. The solid electrolyte uses lithium ions as a single carrier and does not have concentration polarization, so it can work under high current conditions and increase the power density of the battery.
(3) Long cycle life
The solid electrolyte is expected to prevent the liquid electrolyte from continuously forming and growing the solid electrolyte interface film and the problem of lithium dendrites piercing the separator during the charge and discharge process, and may greatly improve the cycleability and service life of metal lithium-ion batteries.
(4)Wide operating temperature range
If all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries all use inorganic solid electrolytes, the maximum operating temperature is expected to increase to 300°C or even higher. Currently, the low-temperature performance of large-capacity all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries needs to be improved. The operating temperature range of a specific battery is mainly related to the high and low temperature characteristics of the electrolyte and interface resistance.
(5)Wide electrochemical window
All-solid-state secondary lithium-ion batteries have a wide electrochemical stability window, which may reach 5V. They are suitable for high-voltage electrode materials and are conducive to further increasing energy density. Current thin-film lithium-ion batteries based on lithium nitride phosphate can operate at 4.8V.
(6) Has the advantage of flexibility
Solid-state secondary lithium-ion batteries also have the characteristics of compact structure, adjustable scale, and high design flexibility. Solid-state batteries can be designed as thin-film batteries with a thickness of only a few microns, used to drive microelectronic devices, or they can be made into macro-sized batteries, used to drive electric vehicles, grid energy storage and other fields. In these applications, the shape of the battery It can also be designed according to specific needs.
Research on key materials for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries
Polymer solid electrolyte
Polymer solid electrolyte (SPE) is composed of a polymer matrix (such as polyester, polyase, polyamine, etc.) and lithium salt (such as LiClO4, LiAsF4, LiPF6, LiBF4, etc.). Because of its light weight, good viscoelasticity, It has attracted widespread attention due to its excellent machining performance and other characteristics.
